在git的一般使用中，如果发现错误的将不想staging的文件add进入index之后，想回退取消,这就叫做git代码库回滚: 指的是将代码库某分支退回到以前的某个commit id。可以使用命令：git reset HEAD <file>...，同时git add完毕之后，git也会做相应的提示，Git reset 是Git最常用的命令之一，也是最危险最容易误用的命令。 用法参考

【本地代码库回滚】：

git reset --hard commit-id :回滚到commit-id，讲commit-id之后提交的commit都去除

git reset --hard HEAD~3：将最近3次的提交回滚

【远程代码库回滚】：

这个是重点要说的内容，过程比本地回滚要复杂

应用场景：自动部署系统发布后发现问题，需要回滚到某一个commit，再重新发布

原理：先将本地分支退回到某个commit，删除远程分支，再重新push本地分支

操作步骤：

1、git checkout the_branch

2、git pull

D:\FitProject\NPS>git pull

remote: Counting objects: 307, done

remote: Finding sources: 100% (245/245)

remote: Getting sizes: 100% (134/134)

remote: Compressing objects: 100% (31123/31123)

Rremote: Total 245 (delta 156), reused 242 (delta 154)

Receiving objects: 100% (245/245), 22.67 KiB | 0 bytes/s, done.

Resolving deltas: 100% (156/156), completed with 40 local objects.

From xxxxxxxxxxxx

    fe0d037..d159d4d  stable_chh_1127 -> origin/stable_chh_1127

Already up-to-date.

3、git branch the_branch_backup //备份一下这个分支当前的情况

D:\FitProject\NPS>git branch Geffdev_0926_backup

4、git reset --hard the_commit_id //把the_branch本地回滚到the_commit_id

D:\FitProject\NPS>git reset --hard 56f7c0d56befd4cad99a6017062824e073b56c01

HEAD is now at 56f7c0d 封装付款体现Relay接口

5、git push origin :the_branch //删除远程 the_branch

6、git push origin the_branch //用回滚后的本地分支重新建立远程分支

D:\FitProject\NPS>git push origin : Geffdev_0926

To xxxxxx

  ! [rejected]        Geffdev_0926 -> Geffdev_0926 (non-fast-forward)

  ! [rejected]        develop -> develop (non-fast-forward)

  ! [rejected]        master -> master (non-fast-forward)

  ! [rejected]        stable_chh_1127 -> stable_chh_1127 (non-fast-forward)

error: failed to push some refs to xxxxxx

hint: Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind

hint: its remote counterpart. Integrate the remote changes (e.g.

hint: 'git pull ...') before pushing again.

hint: See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.

D:\FitProject\NPS>git push origin  Geffdev_0926

Total 0 (delta 0), reused 0 (delta 0)

remote: Updating references: 100% (1/1)

To xxxxxx

  * [new branch]      Geffdev_0926 -> Geffdev_0926

7、git push origin :the_branch_backup //如果前面都成功了，删除这个备份分支